Relative clauses

[zaba]

So I have what I think is a RC in the sentence below, namely "at those (who) did not smoke".

 who-ACC no 3PL-PAST-smoke, "bastards, bastards" yell-INTENSIFIER-3PL
'at those (who) did not smoke, "bastards, bastards!" they screamed.

1. Do you agree that this is a RC?
2. Typically RCs are formed with NMZ, but here I see no obvious strategy at all. How could one account for RC formation here?

[Daniel]

Hmm, I'm not sure. But have you looked up any work on "headless relatives"? That seems like it may be what you're looking at-- the "those who" sort of RCs.

[zaba]

If it's not a RC, what else could it be? As far as I see things, it must be a RC, no?

[Daniel]

It does look like a RC. I'm not sure about the exact structure, that's all. I don't do much research with RCs.