First of all, thank you so much for your detailed response.
Actually, i am asking about the pronunciation of IPA sound in "Balochi" language. which is a member of the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European language family.
Ok, great

Then what we need from you is a set of minimal pairs (which you have provided) and we can then help to determine which ones are which sounds. I think, given that, freknu's response *might* be better than mine, because mine is based on my categorical perception in English (but he might also be basing his reply, even unintentionally, on his native languages).
Generally speaking, while we can help some, it is very important to rely on your own native speaker intuitions-- using the vowel chart at UCLA that I linked to is a great idea, for example.
this is a Balochi word. the only difference is the vowel quality in these three form of this word, that changes the meaning of it. there are 2 consonants and one vowel sound. the starting consonant is /d/ and the ending one is /r/. well, i,ll try to write it in Roman
1= dor (pain)
2= dour/daor (time)
3= door (far)
i am almost clear about the vowel sound of third form of this word "door" that should be /du:r/ and a little bit about the vowel sound of second form of this word "dour/daor" that may be /do:r/.
but so confused about the vowel sound of the first form "dor" . which is i think less rounded as compare to /u:/ and more rounded than /o:/ as in "yawn" in Australian pronunciation. may be i am totally wrong !
Yes I think it's [o:] and [u:].
The first one is less clear. You should listen to the IPA chart examples to see which one sounds right to you. I'd just be guessing. Maybe [ʊ:]?
if i write this word in Roman it may be :
1= /kott/ as in "hook /hʊk/" in american pronunciation.
2= /kutt/ as in "buk /buk/" in Polish
may be these sounds are short tense vowels ?
Yes, I think so. I think they're short vowels of the same quality as the long vowels. [
o], [
u].
(Maybe [ʊ] [
u] if the first is a short version of #1 or #2 above.)
this is again one word. the only difference is the vowel quality in this word, that changes the meaning of it. there are 2 consonants and one vowel sound. the starting consonant is /ʃ/ and the ending one is /r/. well, i,ll try to write it in Roman
1= sheyr (Tiger)
2= shair (Poem)
3= sheer (Milk)
i am almost clear about the vowel sound of third form of this word "sheer" that should be /ʃiːr/.
and a little bit about the vowel sound of second form of this word "shair" that may be /ʃe:r/.
but so confused about the vowel sound of the first form "sheyr" . which is i think less closed as compare to /i:/ and more closed than /e:/ as in "bed" in NZ english. but it's just my opinion, I could be wrong !
Maybe this?
[e:], [ɛ:], [i:]
And maybe the first one is:
[ɔ:] [o:] [u:]?
At least that would be a pattern.
again i write these 2 forms in Roman:
1= kett /kett/ as in "ken /ken/" in American pronunciation.
2= kitt/kitt/ as in "bit /bit/" in Australian pronunciation.
now, what is your observation ?
I'd say [e], [
i].
(Maybe [ɛ], [ɪ], but I think the vowel quality is probably not changing significantly from the long vowels.)
let me tell you that i have searched a lot about IPA symbols and their sounds in many ways. but still confused.
but thank you so much for your guidance. i will check it out. thanks again and again !
You should be able to just listen to the symbols and then decide which one seems right.
If that doesn't happen, then it is possible there is something else going on-- for example it might be a diphthong (combination of two sounds) or a length difference, and those aren't represented on the IPA chart. But at least you can get some idea.
In general, the way that the IPA works is this: it is designed to give you enough symbols to represent sufficient differences. It is not designed to give you a perfect representation of the actual sounds. It is
phonological (or phonemic) rather than
phonetic.
If you want to figure out exactly what these sounds are, then the best method is using a vowel chart like this:
[EDIT: SEE LX'S POST BELOW]That plots F1 and F2 (the first two formants in the sound which are the most important for identifying vowels) and will actually represent the sound.
Then you can decide the best approximation with IPA. Also, there is an important detail here: those charts are based on a lot of data and represent an average of each vowel representation-- very importantly, they
include variation. The IPA symbol is meant to capture the average sound or the midpoint, not all of the variation. So by listening to many instances of a certain vowel, you can decide which symbol works best-- not because it's perfect for any specific instance, but because it's reasonable for all/most of them.
The "sound" [
o] in English and Spanish and German is actually slightly different, but we use the same sound so that it represents the same systematic relationships with the other sounds.
Technically, there is no rule about using a "perfect" IPA sound (you could use anything you want) as long as the systematic properties work out including the features. So if you have a feature [±lax] then you'd need to use pairs like [ɛ] and [e], but if you have a feature [±length] then you'd use pairs like [e] and [eː]. In the end, this is a theoretical matter for analysis, not a question of phonetics.
But in short: the best answer will be whatever sounds correct to your native ears

I'm happy to offer comments, but I am by definition unqualified because I'm not a native speaker of Balochi!
I think if you take an "average" of my response, freknu's response, and your own intuitions, you'll get pretty close to a reasonable analysis
