First you should look at the more straightforward "yesterday" test:
I ate { yesterday, *now }
I have eaten { *yesterday, now }
In French, Italian and German, the "perfect" form (have [or be] + past participle) now functions like a simple past tense, and is to some degree replacing simple past forms of verbs, especially in spoken usage. So those languages would be irrelevant for your question.
Yes, you should test Spanish, although I don't know about this detail. I imagine other languages could work similarly, but I'm not certain. There are other languages with similar verb forms (sometimes called "tenses", but more properly aspect), such as the -me- form of verbs in Swahili. And there are other languages that are said to be "tenseless" but with aspectual distinctions, so you might also find similar usage. But again, you'd need to test this specific question for each language, unless you happen to find some research about it.